a procedure intended to "rescue" a patient following the failure of a prior treatment, for example a salvage prostatectomy would be the surgical removal of the prostate after the failure of prior radiation therapy or cryosurgery.
the pouch of skin containing a man's testicles.
a relatively rare nonmetallic element found in food in small quantities which may have some effect in prevention of cancer.
the whitish, opaque fluid emitted by a male at ejaculation.
related to the semen; for example, the seminal vesicles are glands at the base of the bladder and connected to the prostate that add nutrients to the semen.
having six parts; thus, a sextant biopsy is a biopsy requiring six samples.
a reaction to a medication or treatment (most commonly used to mean an unnecessary or undesirable effect).
physical changes which can be observed as a consequence of an illness or disease.
a term used to define the size and physical extent of a cancer.
the process of assigning a stage to a particular cancer in a specific patient in light of all the available information.
a tube used by a surgeon to drain fluids.
scarring as a result of a procedure or an injury that constricts the flow of a fluid; ofr example, a urethral stricture would restrict the flow of urine through the urethra.
an injectable radioactive product which is used to relieve bone pain in some patients with prostate cancer which no longer responds to hormones or appropriate forms of chemotherapy.
under the capsule; for example, a subcapsular orchiectomy is a form of castration in which the contents of each testicle is removed but the testicular capsules are then closed and remain in the scrotum.
surgical stiching used in the closure of a cut or incision.
a feeling, sensation, or experience associated with or resulting from a physical or mental disorder and noticeable by the patient.
throughout the whole body.
total androgen blockade; see maximal androgen deprivation.
one of two male reproductive glands located inside the scrotum which are the primary source of the male hormone testosterone; plural testes.
see testis.
the male hormone or androgen which comprises about 90 percent of the androgens in a man's body; it is needed to complete male sexual function and fertility.
change; for example, the transition zone of the prostate is the area of the prostate closest to the urethra and has features which distinguish it from the much larger peripheral zone.
through the perineum.
through the rectum.
through the urethra.
transrectal ultrasound; a method of imaging the prostate by inserting an ultrasound probe into the rectum; commonly used to visualize prostate biopsy procedures.
an abnormal tissue growth that can be either benign or malignant.
transurethral resection of the prostate; a surgical procedure in which tissue is cut from the prostate using a resectoscope.
use of ultra high frequency sound waves to image internal organs and structures (e.g. a baby in the womb).
the assignment of an overly low clinical stage at initial diagnosis because of the difficulty of assessing the available information with accuracy (e.g. stage T2b as opposed to stage T3b).
a surgical term for a pint (usually of blood).
an anatomical tube which drains urine from one of the two kidneys to the bladder.
the tube that drains urine from the bladder through the prostate and out through the penis.
the need to urinate right away.
the group of organs and their interconnections that permit excess, filtered fluids to exit the body; including (in the male) the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, the urethra and the penis.
a doctor trained first as a surgeon who specializes in disorders of the genitourinary system.
urinary tract infection; an infection identifiable by the presence of bacteria in the urine; may be associated with fever, or a burning pain on urination.
